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Top AI-resistant jobs and their employment outlook

Curious about which skills and roles will most likely remain in demand as AI continues to change the job market? Find the top AI-resistant jobs and their job growth projections.

By: Jacob Given, Edited by: Rebecca Munday

Published: November 10, 2025


Despite fears about AI-related job loss, there are still plenty of opportunities for professional growth even as the use of artificial intelligence technology increases.

Learn about the relationship between AI and employment growth, the trend toward AI augmentation versus full automation, the continued need for human employees, the tasks and jobs AI can't do, and current trends in upskilling.

Relationship between automation and employment growth by industry

You often hear the narrative that AI will lead to an employment crisis as it completely replaces many well-paying jobs. However, the real story isn't so clear.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), a government organization responsible for employment growth projections, considers many factors in its reports, including technological innovation. In the February 2025 Monthly Labor Review, the BLS concluded that while AI will likely impact specific occupations like paralegals, it's also likely to create new job opportunities in fields like software development and database architecture.

Further, just because AI can handle some or many tasks associated with a role doesn't mean that role is going extinct. For example, while jobs related to architecture and engineering, business and financial operations, and computer and mathematical occupations all perform a significant number of AI-automatable tasks, the BLS nonetheless projects significant growth in each sector.

View full data table
Architecture and engineering
AI coverage*
0.49
Employment (in thousands), 2024
2,648
Projected job growth, 2024-34
5.3%
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, media
AI coverage*
0.59
Employment (in thousands), 2024
3,104
Projected job growth, 2024-34
2.8%
Building, grounds cleaning, maintenance
AI coverage*
0.15
Employment (in thousands), 2024
5,715
Projected job growth, 2024-34
2.0%
Business and financial operations
AI coverage*
0.49
Employment (in thousands), 2024
11,262
Projected job growth, 2024-34
5.2%
Community and social service
AI coverage*
0.51
Employment (in thousands), 2024
3,196
Projected job growth, 2024-34
6.6%
Computer and mathematical
AI coverage*
0.64
Employment (in thousands), 2024
5,416
Projected job growth, 2024-34
10.1%
Construction and extraction
AI coverage*
0.16
Employment (in thousands), 2024
7,574
Projected job growth, 2024-34
5.2%
Educational instruction and library
AI coverage*
0.46
Employment (in thousands), 2024
9,813
Projected job growth, 2024-34
0.6%
Farming, fishing, and forestry
AI coverage*
0.11
Employment (in thousands), 2024
1,008
Projected job growth, 2024-34
-2.5%
Food preparation and serving related
AI coverage*
0.32
Employment (in thousands), 2024
13,803
Projected job growth, 2024-34
3.5%
Healthcare practitioners and technical
AI coverage*
0.25
Employment (in thousands), 2024
10,067
Projected job growth, 2024-34
7.2%
Healthcare support
AI coverage*
0.13
Employment (in thousands), 2024
7,982
Projected job growth, 2024-34
12.4%
Installation, maintenance, and repair
AI coverage*
0.22
Employment (in thousands), 2024
6,492
Projected job growth, 2024-34
4.6%
Legal
AI coverage*
0.33
Employment (in thousands), 2024
1,418
Projected job growth, 2024-34
2.7%
Life, physical, and social science
AI coverage*
0.39
Employment (in thousands), 2024
1,609
Projected job growth, 2024-34
5.0%
Management
AI coverage*
0.27
Employment (in thousands), 2024
13,607
Projected job growth, 2024-34
6.1%
Office and administrative support
AI coverage*
0.56
Employment (in thousands), 2024
19,325
Projected job growth, 2024-34
-3.9%
Personal care and service
AI coverage*
0.39
Employment (in thousands), 2024
4,464
Projected job growth, 2024-34
4.2%
Production
AI coverage*
0.23
Employment (in thousands), 2024
9,001
Projected job growth, 2024-34
-1.1%
Protective service
AI coverage*
0.33
Employment (in thousands), 2024
3,787
Projected job growth, 2024-34
0.8%
Sales and related
AI coverage*
0.56
Employment (in thousands), 2024
14,532
Projected job growth, 2024-34
-2.0%
Transportation and material moving
AI coverage*
0.21
Employment (in thousands), 2024
14,204
Projected job growth, 2024-34
4.1%

Sources: BLS employment projections, 2024-34, Microsoft Research

*AI coverage refers to the number of tasks that can be done by AI. Industry groups with higher numbers are more at risk for AI automation.

AI augments more than it automates

Users can both automate and augment tasks with AI.

  • Task automation involves prompting an AI to complete a task from start to finish with minimal human involvement.
  • Augmentation involves including AI in a workflow to increase efficiency without replacing the user.

According to a February 2025 study from Anthropic, Claude users leveraged AI to augment rather than fully automate tasks at least 57% of the time, although the study's authors point out that the true number of augmented tasks might be much higher.

While some users automate tasks like code generation, stepping into the loop only to provide feedback or parse error messages, most people use AI to retrieve and interpret information to augment their own work. If you're considering upskilling in artificial intelligence, think of ways that AI can augment rather than completely automate your tasks.

Humans are still needed to manage

Management is a human skill involving person-to-person connection, discernment, and a sense of accountability. While AI excels at some subsets of knowledge work tasks, it lacks the empathy, sophisticated contextual understanding, and accountability necessary to perform many tasks.

Becoming a better manager involves sharpening soft skills like emotional intelligence and communication. While large language models can produce text that imitates these soft skills, they lack the capacity for critical thinking, which is necessary to occupy leadership positions.

While AI can't replace a manager's role, it can augment it. Managers can use AI to help brainstorm around projects, prioritize tasks, and process information, giving them more time to spend supporting their teams directly.

Management tasks LLMs can't do

According to a September 2025 Microsoft Research study, users tend to utilize AI most often to gather information. The good news for managers is that the same study found that several tasks central to managerial roles receive outsourcing to AI much less frequently. These tasks include:

  • Organizing, planning, and prioritizing work and resources.
  • Evaluating information to determine compliance with standards.
  • Guiding, directing, and motivating subordinates.
  • Resolving conflicts and negotiating with others.
  • Establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships.

How to upskill and increase job security

In a 2025 edX survey, over half of respondents reported that they need to upskill, particularly in artificial intelligence, machine learning, data analysis, and data visualization.

If you want to expand your skills to bolster your job security, consider taking an online course or earning a certificate or degree.

  • Courses and certificates offer short-term and low-cost education.
  • Degrees require more time, effort, and money.

Check with your employer to see if they offer continuing education benefits.

Get started with edX

While artificial intelligence continues to reshape the job market and the demand for AI skills continues to grow, it's more likely to augment rather than replace the most impacted positions.

In the same edX survey, half of workers reported needing to upskill in the next six months to maintain their employment, and 42% said they are actively reskilling.

Consider upskilling to adapt to the changing market.

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