How to become a petroleum engineer

Discover how to become a petroleum engineer so you can contribute to efficient energy extraction. Explore degrees in petroleum engineering and learn essential industry skills.

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Female petroleum engineer looking over her shoulder.

Petroleum engineers are essential in meeting global energy demands, as they create innovative techniques to extract oil and gas resources in an efficient, safe, and environmentally responsible manner. Keep reading to learn how to become a petroleum engineer.

What does a petroleum engineer do?

Petroleum engineers are responsible for exploring, extracting, and producing oil, natural gas, and other hydrocarbons. Their work is vital to efficiently and safely recovering energy resources from underground reservoirs.

There are different types of petroleum engineers, including drilling, reservoir, facilities, and production engineers.

These engineers work in offices as well as in the field, including remote and offshore sites. These specialists manage tasks involving:

Reservoir management and evaluation
Drilling operations
Production optimization
Health, safety, and environmental compliance

Steps to become a petroleum engineer

The journey to become a petroleum engineer isn't the same for everyone, as it's not a simple, linear process. However, note that many positions require a bachelor's degree. Earning your state licensure or pursuing advanced study can help you stand out in a competitive job market.

Many would-be petroleum engineers take the following steps:

Step 1: Earn your bachelor's degree

To become a petroleum engineer, you can start your process by earning a bachelor's degree in petroleum engineering or a related field. Be sure the program you choose is recognized by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET).

You may want to consider programs that offer internships or other work experience opportunities.

Step 2: Become a licensed petroleum engineer

The requirements for becoming a licensed petroleum engineer vary from state to state. Most states require that you pass two examinations. During your final year of your bachelor's degree you will sit for the Fundamental of Engineering (FE) exam. After gaining at least four years of practical work experience, you can take the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam.

Becoming a licensed petroleum engineer validates your abilities and commitment. It can also impress would-be employers and open career doors.

Step 3: Further your education

Graduate degrees can help you qualify for leadership positions, and are particularly important for university or research roles. Some master's programs are flexible enough for you to work while earning your degree. Advancing your education may also open doors in specialized areas like geomechanics or reservoir simulation as well.

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Frequently asked questions

What is a petroleum engineering degree?

A petroleum engineering degree is a specialized four-year program that can include classroom, lab work, and field studies. These programs focus on exploring, extracting, and producing oil and natural gas. Coursework includes a heavy load of engineering basics, thermodynamics, and geology.

How much does a petroleum engineer make a year?

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median salary for petroleum engineers was $135,690 in 2023. Petroleum engineer salaries may vary according to industry, experience, education level, organization size, and location.

How long does it take to become a petroleum engineer?

You can begin working in the industry after completing a bachelor’s degree, which typically takes about four years. However, to qualify for higher-level positions, you will likely need to become a licensed petroleum engineer — a credential that in many states requires at least four years of industry experience. Highly specialized roles may also require advanced degrees, which can add another two to six years of study beyond the bachelor’s level.