How to become a web developer

What does a web developer do?

Web developers create, maintain, and improve websites and web applications. Their main responsibilities include writing code, troubleshooting, and making sure websites function smoothly. They work in various settings like tech companies, startups, government agencies, and nonprofits.

There are three primary types of web developers:

• Front-end developers focus on the visual aspects of a website. They work with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create user-friendly interfaces.
• Back-end developers handle server-side logic and database interactions, often using languages like PHP, Python, or Ruby.
• Full-stack developers have skills in both front-end and back-end development, enabling them to work on all aspects of a web application.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median web developer salary is $84,960 per year as of 2023. However, this can vary widely based on factors like your location, experience, and specialization.

Steps to become a web developer

Your journey to becoming a web developer can involve a combination of education, hands-on experience, and continuous learning. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the path.

Step 1: Learn web development basics

Start with the fundamentals of web development — familiarize yourself with relevant computer languages.

These three languages form the backbone of web development:

• HTML structures the content on the web.
• CSS styles website content, making it visually appealing.
• JavaScript adds interactivity, allowing users to engage with the website.

Participate in tutorials, coding challenges, and interactive learning experiences to get started.

Step 2: Consider a relevant degree or coding boot camp

While a degree in computer science can provide a strong foundation, it's not the only route to becoming a web developer.

Coding boot camps and certificates have gained popularity for their intensive, practical training. They typically last 3-6 months and focus on hands-on projects. Some boot camps also offer job placement support and may connect you with potential employers.

Whether you choose a degree program or a boot camp, make sure the curriculum covers relevant programming languages, frameworks, and tools. Look for programs that emphasize project-based learning, as this will help you build a portfolio.

Step 3: Build a portfolio

When you seek employment as a web developer, having a solid portfolio can showcase your skills, creativity, and practical experience. Start by creating small projects to include in your portfolio.

Here are some ideas:

• Build a personal website to showcase your resume and projects.
• Create a simple blog using a platform like WordPress or custom code.
• Develop small applications or games to demonstrate your programming skills.

As you complete projects, document your process. Include code snippets, screenshots, and explanations of your design choices. An organized and visually appealing portfolio can make a strong impression with potential employers.

Step 4: Gain practical experience

Hands-on experience is vital to develop your skills as a web developer. Look for internships, part-time jobs, or freelance opportunities.

Internships can provide you with exposure to real-world projects, allowing you to collaborate with experienced developers. Many companies offer internship programs, especially during the summer.

You can also seek freelance projects on platforms like Upwork or Fiverr, where you can work with clients on small-scale projects.

Consider contributing to open-source projects on platforms like GitHub to demonstrate your ability to work in collaborative environments and use version control systems.

Step 5: Earn specialized certifications

As the tech landscape continues to evolve, specialized certifications can help you stand out in the job market. Certifications demonstrate your commitment to professional development and proficiency in specific technologies.

Consider pursuing certifications in popular frameworks and technologies like:

• React for front-end development
• Node.js for back-end development
• SQL for database management

Many online learning platforms, including edX, offer certifications in these areas. Specialized certifications can enhance your résumé and make you a more attractive candidate to employers.

Step 6: Stay updated and network

Web development is a rapidly changing field. So, you need to stay updated with the latest trends, tools, and technologies. Follow industry blogs, participate in webinars, and attend conferences to expand your knowledge. Join online communities, attend meetups, and connect with other developers on platforms like LinkedIn.

Engaging with the professionals in the tech industry can lead to job opportunities, collaborations, and valuable mentorship.

Get started on edX

With the right education and experience, you can build a rewarding career in web development. Ready to dive in? Explore the wide range of web development courses on edX.

To kickstart your web development journey, consider exploring edX's computer programming courses.