Q: What are Critical Raw Materials (CRMs)?
A: CRMs are raw materials that have an economic and strategic importance for the European economy, and their supply risk is high.
Q: What products contain CRMs?
A: Many products that contain metals, such as electric and electronic equipment, alloys (as stainless steel), cars and machinery.
Q: Is this course for producers?
A: Yes, this course gives producers new ideas on new business models based on obsolete products, and how to make them more resource resilient. The course also gives insight into the effect of product design.
Q: Is this course for governments?
A: Yes, this course gives governments tools to make waste management more efficient and tools to close the materials loop.
Q: Is this course only about recycling?
A: No, the course also focusses on re-use, remanufacturing and refurbishment, and shows how this can create new business opportunities. The course also covers how new business models deal with waste prevention. Other conventional waste management approaches, like incineration, will also be presented in the course.
Q: For which countries is this course relevant?
A: The course provides insights and case studies mainly from Europe (Belgium, Netherlands, France, Ireland, Italy), but also explains the general global situation of minerals shortage. Additionally, the technologies and approaches presented in the course could be applied in other countries.
Q: Is this course only about waste treatment technologies?
A: No, this course covers the technological as well as the legal and economic issues of waste management. The course includes an overview of the most important European laws and an interview with a politician and a circular procurement representative. The technological part explains recycling, re-use, re-purpose, but also collection and pre-treatment of waste containing CRMs.