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Learn computer programming

With the advent of machine learning technology, computer programming skills are becoming more important than ever. Discover how to learn computer programming for new opportunities and find online resources on edX.

Learning to code is a great starting point for gaining employment in the high-paying tech sector. Coding skills are the foundation for growing industries like artificial intelligence (AI), cybersecurity, and cloud computing, so understanding how to code in at least one language can help you future-proof your skills and qualify for new jobs.

Find the best coding courses on edX today to learn these essential skills for the modern job market.

Benefits of computer programming

Computer programming is a useful skill in a world increasingly dominated by digital technologies. By learning to code, you can gain:

  • Stronger relevance in the age of AI — especially if you master Python.
  • Access to cross-disciplinary roles in high-growth fields, such as data science, automation, and cybersecurity.
  • Enhanced logical, analytical, critical thinking, and creativity skills.
  • Proficiency in computer programming, which 22% of people identified as a top technical skill to have for career advancement.

Programming is also a versatile, readily transferable skill set that can be used to enter and advance in many computer science careers.

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How to get started in computer programming

1. Find resources and courses

Start learning to code by finding online resources that can help put you on the path to fluency. Many people start by exploring coding communities like DevCommunity, GitHub, and Stack Overflow. Here, you can find coders who, at one point, were like you — curious about how to grow their coding skills.

You can also find online coding courses. Many people start learning to code by taking a course because it provides guidance, feedback, and a set timeline for learning, which you may not have when you learn independently. For example, a beginner coding course may offer professional resources and built-in exercises to guide your progress.

2. Master programming basics

After becoming comfortable with a language, focus on foundational programming concepts:

  • Data Types: Understand how computers represent different kinds of data, such as integers, floats, strings, and booleans.
  • Variables: Learn how to assign and reference data points throughout your code.
  • Data Structures: Learn about stacks, queues, dictionaries, trees, and more for efficient collection, storage, and management.
  • Lists/Arrays: Group and manipulate collections of data.
  • Algorithms: Develop rules that a computer can enact on a dataset.
  • Debugging: Find and solve problems within your code.
3. Practice coding daily

The path to coding fluency involves consistent practice, regardless of the language. Start by completing simple online exercises like "Hello, world!" and challenges from coding foundations like FreeCodeCamp. These exercises allow you to work through coding problems firsthand, helping you advance both your technical and analytical skills.

At the same time, consider new ways to grow your soft skills as a coder. Online exercises can help you develop skills like problem-solving and attention to detail, but look for ways to address other professional skills, too. For example, you may improve your teamwork and communication skills by playing in a community sports league or volunteering at your local library.

4. Develop independent projects

As your skills advance, you may begin to develop personal projects to practice "thinking like a coder." You can code calculators, number games, predictive models, or a personal portfolio website. These projects can help you hone critical programming skills like:

  • Problem-solving
  • Communication
  • Attention to detail
  • Adaptability
  • Creativity

You can also consult developer platforms like GitHub and AWS CodeCommit. These platforms host projects so you can develop, alter, and store them online. Developer platforms also help users share their work and provide editing access to teammates or prospective employers.

5. Build a portfolio

A programming portfolio is a collection of projects demonstrating your ability to write and run code successfully. Coding a personal website has advantages beyond helping you practice your programming skills. A personal portfolio showcases your ability to create dynamic, responsive website features, which can appeal to employers.

You could also build a portfolio using an online software hosting platform like GitHub or Launchpad. These tools allow developers to create software, store it, and share it with collaborators or potential employers.

What you learn in coding courses

Beginner coding skills

Beginner coding courses focus on the fundamentals of coding, which include:

  • Algebra
  • Logic
  • Syntax
  • Code structure
  • Version control
  • Debugging
Explore JavaScript for Beginners

Intermediate coding skills

In an intermediate coding course, you can learn more advanced skills, such as:

  • Algorithmic design
  • Data structures
  • Object-oriented programming
  • System design
  • Asynchronous programming
  • DevOps
  • Optimization
Explore Cloud and Application Development Foundations

Expert coding skills

As you gain experience, you may look for opportunities to innovate your field or lead a team to success. Expert coding skills may include:

  • Industry specializations in AI, cloud computing, or another discipline
  • Low-level programming and hardware
  • Custom framework development
  • Compiler theory
  • Cross-platform development

Experienced coders can integrate new, tech-driven systems into their workplaces with Executive Education programs and graduate degrees on edX.

Explore Unsupervised Machine Learning

Alongside the technical skills necessary to code, pay attention to soft skills like attention to detail, time management, and adaptability, which can make you a better coder.

How long does it take to learn computer programming?

The time it takes to learn computer programming varies depending on your learning method and commitment, but most learners can reach a job-ready level within six months to a year. During this time, you must become familiar with at least one coding language, complete coding exercises, and create a portfolio showcasing your problem-solving and development skills. Dedicating consistent daily practice can significantly improve your progress.

4-12 weeks
Courses
2-10 months
Certificates
6-8 weeks
Executive education
2-8 years
Degree programs

Timeline for mastering computer programming

Computer programming is an evolving field with room for growth, so true mastery requires continuous learning and keeping up with industry trends.

1
Beginner: 2-6 months: Learn a programming language's syntax and logic.
2
Intermediate: 6-12 months: Develop projects, data structures, and algorithms.
3
Job-ready: 9-12 months: Build a portfolio with professional-level work.
4
Advanced: 1-2 years+: Manage and optimize systems, databases, and code frameworks.
5
Expert: 3-5 years+: Design many types of systems in several coding languages.

Jobs that use computer programming

Explore information about specific computer programming positions, including salary and job outlook data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Software developers, quality assurance analysts, and testers

Software developers design, test, and debug software systems that power technology like desktop applications and embedded systems in sensors, appliances, and vehicles.

Start learning computer programming with edX

You can start learning computer programming today by signing up for a course, Executive Education program, or degree pathway on edX. Popular options include:

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Frequently asked questions about computer programming

How do I start learning computer programming?

Start learning computer programming by becoming fluent in a coding language. Familiarize yourself with its logic and syntax, along with foundational concepts like:

  • Variables
  • Data types
  • Operators
  • Functions
  • Control flow
Can I teach myself computer programming?

Yes, you can teach yourself computer programming through online resources like code libraries, frameworks, and forums. Although teaching yourself programming requires diligence and consistent practice, many accessible resources and communities make it possible.

Is computer programming easy to learn?

Computer programming may be easy for those who enjoy math, logic, and problem-solving. However, with regular practice, anyone can gain these skills and become an effective programmer.

Is coding harder than math?

Whether coding or math is harder for you depends on your aptitude and skills. Both fields engage quantitative logic and sequential reasoning, but in different ways. If you have an affinity for abstraction, you might find that math comes more naturally. If you prefer a results-oriented discipline with immediate practical applications, you may find coding more rewarding.