What is the difference between AI vs. machine learning vs. automation?

Written by: Deidre Pannazzo, Edited by: Alec Surmani

Published: May 9, 2025

Although people often use the terms automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning interchangeably, each has a distinct meaning. An understanding of the similarities and differences between these concepts can provide you with a valuable understanding of their benefits and may help you decide between possible career paths in the world of tech.

What is AI?

Artificial intelligence, or AI, is the science and technology of enabling computer systems to "think" and behave in ways that resemble human thought and actions. These systems can solve problems, make decisions, and understand human language. In general, it's about teaching computers to do things that usually require human intelligence.

What is machine learning?

Machine learning is a branch of AI that enables computers to learn and carry out specific tasks without explicit programming. By analyzing large data sets, algorithms can recognize patterns, learn from their experience, and make predictions or decisions.

A good example of machine learning is facial recognition, in which algorithms examine facial features and contours to verify your identity.

What is automation?

Automation is about using technology to handle tasks that people typically do. It usually focuses on automating repetitive processes to improve efficiency and productivity and is used across many industries, such as technology and healthcare.

For example, you might use automation to set up an email spam filter that automatically screens unwanted emails.

What are the similarities and differences between AI, machine learning, and automation?

AI, machine learning, and automation are related but have unique characteristics.

AI is the broader technology that focuses on developing machines and systems to replicate human actions, while machine learning is a subset of AI aimed at training systems to learn from data.

Automation applies technology to automate tasks previously done by humans, which AI or machine learning can enhance for better performance.

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Frequently asked questions about AI, machine learning, and automation

Are AI, machine learning, and automation the same thing?

No, automation, AI, and machine learning are not all the same thing — AI is the broader concept of creating systems to "think" and behave like humans, machine learning is a subset of AI that enables machines to learn from data, and automation uses technology to automate tasks.

Is it better to learn AI, machine learning, or automation?

As a more general concept, AI may be a suitable starting point for learners looking to start with a solid foundation in this area of technology. If your goal is to focus on practical applications and data analysis, you may prefer to concentrate your studies in machine learning.

By contrast, if you want to enhance operational efficiency, automation may be the most accessible path, utilizing straightforward tools that are easier to learn and implement. Ultimately, your choice should align with your career aspirations and intended applications.

Why is AI important to learn as a leader?

In today's AI-driven world, effective leaders would be wise to learn and leverage AI, and they can do so through many available online courses and degrees. By understanding and adapting to new AI tools and technologies, leaders can improve operations, make better business decisions, and ensure this technology is employed responsibly and ethically.

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