Explore top online physics courses

Physics is a fundamental science that explores the world around us. It pushes the boundaries of our imagination with concepts such as relativity and string theory and leads to innovative discoveries. Physicists are problem solvers and knowledge in this field is valuable in many different types of academic and commercial roles.

Physics can be challenging because it involves abstract concepts, mathematical problem-solving, and applying theoretical principles to practical situations. But by starting with foundational concepts and progressively building your understanding with advanced courses, you can successfully master physics over time.

Theoretical physics asks "why," while applied physics focuses on "how to use it." Theoretical physics develops mathematical models to explain fundamental physical laws. Applied physics uses those models to design and improve technologies, such as semiconductors or medical devices.

Physics is a very math-heavy subject, especially at its highest levels. As a physics major, you may find math mixed in with your physics courses. The study of physics can require knowledge of calculus, multivariate calculus, complex analysis, real analysis, group theory, linear algebra, and ordinary and partial differential equations.

That largely depends on whether you have an undergraduate, graduate, or postgraduate degree in physics and your specialty. There are educational, research-based, and technical roles. Physics graduates have moved into roles as sound engineers, science teachers, research scientists, radiation protection practitioners, nanotechnologists, clinical scientists, astronomers, and more.

Physics can lead to careers in AI, engineering, data science, software development, education, renewable energy, and medical technology. Physicists work on developing simulations, improving imaging devices, modeling climate systems, and designing electronics. Learning physics also builds problem-solving skills valued in finance, consulting, and tech.

You may learn the basics of physics in a couple of months, but mastering the subject typically takes 4-10 years. A bachelor's degree takes about four years of full-time study to earn; earning a master's degree in physics or a doctorate degree, such as a doctor of philosophy (PhD), adds 3-7 more years.

Your specific timeline depends on your existing level of knowledge, whether you plan to study part-time or full-time, and the admission and graduation requirements of your program. These may include research projects, lab work, or teaching experience, which are common in advanced physics degree programs.