What is an MSc degree?
An MSc program can help you build expertise in the STEM field of your choice and open the door for career advancement. Learn more about the benefits of earning a master of science, various degree programs, and career paths.
By: Genevieve Carlton, Edited by: Rebecca Munday
Last updated: July 1, 2025
When exploring master's degree programs, you'll encounter various types, often with similar names, which can be confusing.
A master of science (MSc) is a graduate degree primarily focused on advanced education in STEM fields — science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. However, you may also find MSc programs in social sciences that have strong quantitative and research components in their curricula, including economics, finance, or psychology.
Let's break down how an MSc differs from other master's degrees and which master's degree is right for you.
Compare the MSc degree with other master's degrees
Understanding the distinctions between an MSc and other master's degrees can help you choose the right program for your goals.
MS vs. MSc
An MS and an MSc are both master of science degrees, but their names may vary by region. In the United States, MS is the typical name for the degree, while MSc is more common in Europe.
Some MS and MSc programs may require students to complete a thesis, capstone project, or supervised experience.
MA vs. MSc
Master of arts (MA) degrees are available for graduate-level education in communications, marketing, humanities, liberal arts, and social sciences. Some programs, such as education and psychology, may offer an MA instead of an MSc.
The main difference between an MA and an MSc is that MA programs emphasize theoretical research and critical thinking, while MSc programs focus on technical, scientific coursework and advanced quantitative methods.
MBA vs. MSc
One of the most popular degrees is a master of business administration (MBA). These programs equip learners with leadership, management, and business strategy skills. MBA graduates tend to pursue executive roles across industries.
Unlike MSc programs — which focus on advanced scientific knowledge and technical skills — MBA programs home in on practical decision-making skills and business expertise.
Some MBA programs offer specializations, such as business analytics, finance, marketing, and healthcare management.
Benefits of earning an MSc degree
- Specialized skills: The STEM focus of an MSc builds specialized knowledge and industry-specific skills in areas such as engineering, technology, and advanced nursing.
- Higher earning potential: Professionals with an MSc can increase their earning potential and qualify for higher-paying management roles. According to May 2024 Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) data, a master's degree can lead to higher-paying roles and increased job security.
- Career advancement: Employers may prefer or require candidates to have a master's to work in fields such as data science, chemistry, and engineering. Careers in nursing and psychology often require an MSc for licensure.
MSc degree programs
You'll find MSc degree programs in various fields of study, including:
- Computer science
- Data science
- Engineering
- Information technology
- Nursing
- Psychology
- Finance
- Chemistry
- Statistics
- Physics
The length of an MSc program ranges from 1.5-3 years, depending on your field, enrollment status (part-time or full-time), and program delivery format (on-campus, online, hybrid, or accelerated).
What can you do with an MSc degree?
An MSc can help professionals launch a new career or advance in their current field. While some career paths require a master's degree, an MSc may be preferred in many fields to move into advanced roles. Below, find jobs you may qualify for with an MSc, with salary and job outlook data from the BLS:
| Job | Description | Median annual salary (2024) | Projected job growth (2023-33) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Software developer | One of the highest-paying tech careers, software development consists of designing, testing, and improving software. These professionals often work closely with other tech team members. A master's degree program can help you develop expertise in software engineering and lifecycle management. | $131,450 | +17% |
| Data scientist | Organizations rely on data scientists to improve processes and make data-driven decisions. A master's degree program in this subject typically covers data analysis, data visualization, and data mining. | $112,590 | +36% |
| Engineer | Engineers solve complex problems. You can become an engineer focusing on electrical, civil, industrial, software engineering, or another subspecialty. A master's can also help engineers qualify for leadership roles. | $106,070 | +9% |
| Mental health counselor | Mental health and addiction counselors support clients with mental health and behavioral conditions and substance use issues. Most careers in this field require a master's for licensure. | $59,190 | +19% |
| Financial analyst | Strong analytical and business skills help financial analysts evaluate investment opportunities and maximize returns. A master's can help financial analysts advance into higher-paying financial manager roles. | $101,910 | +9% |
Get started on your master of science degree on edX
An MSc can be a great investment in your career. Ready to take the next step in your education? Apply to a master of science program through edX.